本文适用于采用i386安装光盘安装的系统,部分内容适合AMD64和PPC安装。
如果您看到 "$", 的符号, 意思是你必须在终端状态下运行此命令。(应用程序 -> 附件 -> 终端)
"sudo" 的意思是 Superuser Do (以超级用户执行)。"sudo" 需要提供密码 "Password:".请输入您指定的用户密码。
注意,你可以同时加入几个源。或者将官方的源(也就是下面的Archive.ubuntu.com的条目)直接加在文件的最后,以避免出现 404 Not Found 文件未发现 的错误。
sudo cp /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list_backup sudo gedit /etc/apt/sources.list
deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ dapper main restricted universe multiverse deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ dapper-security main restricted universe multiverse deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ dapper-updates main restricted universe multiverse deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ dapper-backports main restricted universe multiverse deb http://archive.ubuntu.org.cn/ubuntu-cn/ dapper main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://ubuntu.cn99.com/ubuntu/ dapper main restricted universe multiverse deb http://ubuntu.cn99.com/ubuntu/ dapper-updates main restricted universe multiverse deb http://ubuntu.cn99.com/ubuntu/ dapper-security main restricted universe multiverse deb http://ubuntu.cn99.com/ubuntu/ dapper-backports main restricted universe multiverse deb http://ubuntu.cn99.com/ubuntu-cn/ dapper main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu dapper main restricted universe multiverse deb http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu dapper-security main restricted universe multiverse deb http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu dapper-updates main restricted universe multiverse deb http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu dapper-backports main restricted universe multiverse deb http://mirror.lupaworld.com/ubuntu/ubuntu-cn dapper main restricted universe multiverse deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu dapper-security main restricted universe multiverse deb-src http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu dapper main restricted universe multiverse deb-src http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu dapper-security main restricted universe multiverse deb-src http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu dapper-updates main restricted universe multiverse deb-src http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu dapper-backports main restricted universe multiverse deb-src http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu dapper-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://ftp.sjtu.edu.cn/ubuntu/ dapper main multiverse restricted universe deb http://ftp.sjtu.edu.cn/ubuntu/ dapper-backports main multiverse restricted universe deb http://ftp.sjtu.edu.cn/ubuntu/ dapper-proposed main multiverse restricted universe deb http://ftp.sjtu.edu.cn/ubuntu/ dapper-security main multiverse restricted universe deb http://ftp.sjtu.edu.cn/ubuntu/ dapper-updates main multiverse restricted universe deb http://ftp.sjtu.edu.cn/ubuntu-cn/ dapper main multiverse restricted universe
deb http://mirror.net9.org/ubuntu/ dapper main multiverse restricted universe deb http://mirror.net9.org/ubuntu/ dapper-backports main multiverse restricted universe deb http://mirror.net9.org/ubuntu/ dapper-proposed main multiverse restricted universe deb http://mirror.net9.org/ubuntu/ dapper-security main multiverse restricted universe deb http://mirror.net9.org/ubuntu/ dapper-updates main multiverse restricted universe deb http://mirror.net9.org/ubuntu-cn/ dapper main multiverse restricted universe
deb http://ubuntu.csie.ntu.edu.tw/ubuntu/ dapper main restricted universe multiverse deb-src http://ubuntu.csie.ntu.edu.tw/ubuntu/ dapper main restricted universe multiverse deb http://ubuntu.csie.ntu.edu.tw/ubuntu/ dapper-updates main restricted universe multiverse deb-src http://ubuntu.csie.ntu.edu.tw/ubuntu/ dapper-updates main restricted universe multiverse deb http://ubuntu.csie.ntu.edu.tw/ubuntu/ dapper-backports main restricted universe multiverse deb-src http://ubuntu.csie.ntu.edu.tw/ubuntu/ dapper-backports main restricted universe multiverse deb http://ubuntu.csie.ntu.edu.tw/ubuntu/ dapper-security main restricted universe multiverse deb-src http://ubuntu.csie.ntu.edu.tw/ubuntu/ dapper-security main restricted universe multiverse deb http://ftp.sjtu.edu.cn/ubuntu-cn/ dapper main multiverse restricted universe
deb http://mirror.vmmatrix.net/ubuntu/ dapper main restricted universe multiverse deb-src http://mirror.vmmatrix.net/ubuntu/ dapper main restricted universe multiverse deb http://mirror.vmmatrix.net/ubuntu/ dapper-updates main restricted universe multiverse deb-src http://mirror.vmmatrix.net/ubuntu/ dapper-updates main restricted universe multiverse deb http://mirror.vmmatrix.net/ubuntu/ dapper-backports main restricted universe multiverse deb-src http://mirror.vmmatrix.net/ubuntu/ dapper-backports main restricted universe multiverse deb http://mirror.vmmatrix.net/ubuntu/ dapper-security main restricted universe multiverse deb-src http://mirror.vmmatrix.net/ubuntu/ dapper-security main restricted universe multiverse deb http://ftp.sjtu.edu.cn/ubuntu-cn/ dapper main multiverse restricted universeubuntu.cnsite.org 更新服务器 (福建省福州市 电信):
deb http://ubuntu.cnsite.org/ubuntu/ dapper main restricted universe multiverse deb-src http://ubuntu.cnsite.org/ubuntu/ dapper main restricted universe multiverse deb http://ubuntu.cnsite.org/ubuntu/ dapper-updates main restricted universe multiverse deb-src http://ubuntu.cnsite.org/ubuntu/ dapper-updates main restricted universe multiverse deb http://ubuntu.cnsite.org/ubuntu/ dapper-backports main restricted universe multiverse deb-src http://ubuntu.cnsite.org/ubuntu/ dapper-backports main restricted universe multiverse deb http://ubuntu.cnsite.org/ubuntu/ dapper-security main restricted universe multiverse deb-src http://ubuntu.cnsite.org/ubuntu/ dapper-security main restricted universe multiverse deb http://ubuntu.cnsite.org/ubuntu-cn/ dapper main multiverse restricted universe
到以下网址可以自定义产生若干源:http://www.ubuntulinux.nl/source-o-matic 以下网址有极其全面的源,以供补充:http://italy.copybase.ch/blog/lista-repository-sourceslist-ottimizzata-per-ubuntu-kubuntu-linux/
sudo apt-get update sudo apt-get dist-upgrade
如果不想使用中文界面,可略去此步。
点击 最上面菜单 的 系统 -> 系统管理 -> 语言支持 [如果是英文菜单则是 Syetem -> Administration -> Language Support] 在列表中的 Chinese 条目 打勾。 同时将默认语言修改为 Chinese(中国) ,按确定关闭设置程序。
如果你设置的是英文环境,需要执行以下步骤。(如果做了上一步的设置为中文环境则不需要执行这一步)
sudo fontconfig-voodoo -f -s zh_CN
sudo apt-get install im-switch libapt-pkg-perl sudo im-switch -s scim-pinyin -z default
设置完毕,注销一下电脑。(系统 -> 注销 -> 注销) 这时候,输入法 (按 Ctrl + 空格 键激活输入法) 都应该可以使用了。
sudo apt-get install xfonts-wqy
sudo gedit /etc/fonts/conf.d/50-xfonts-wqy.conf
<selectfont> <acceptfont> <pattern> <patelt name="family"><string>WenQuanYi Bitmap Song</string></patelt> </pattern> </acceptfont> </selectfont>
sudo apt-get install sun-java5-jre # 如果空间富裕,建议安装一个JDK。呵呵 sudo apt-get install sun-java5-jdk
sudo update-alternatives --config java
There are 4 alternatives which provide `java'. Selection Alternative ----------------------------------------------- *+ 1 /usr/lib/jvm/java-gcj/jre/bin/java 2 /usr/bin/gij-wrapper-4.1 3 /usr/bin/gij-wrapper-4.0 4 /usr/lib/jvm/java-1.5.0-sun/jre/bin/java Press enter to keep the default[*], or type selection number:输入 有包含 "sun" 的行的前面的数字。如上面显示,则输入 4,然后回车确定。
使用此配置:http://paste.ubuntu.org.cn/323 替换/etc/java-1.5.0-sun/fontconfig.properties
sudo gedit(kate) /etc/java-1.5.0-sun/fontconfig.properties 复制 http://paste.ubuntu.org.cn/323 的内容进来,然后保存、退出。
sudo apt-get install sun-java5-plugin
sudo update-alternatives --config mozilla-javaplugin.so
sudo ln -s /usr/lib/jvm/java-1.5.0-sun-1.5.0.06/jre/plugin /usr/lib/j2sdk1.5-sun/jre/
默认的scim输入法能会与realplay等程序有冲突。建议使用scim-bridge替换scim。
sudo apt-get install scim-bridge
sudo gedit /etc/X11/xinit/xinput.d/zh_CN
sudo apt-get install scim-qtimm
wget -c http://download.ubuntu.org.cn/software/lumaqq_2005-linux_gtk2_x86_no_jre.tar.gz sudo tar zxvf lumaqq_2005-linux_gtk2_x86_no_jre.tar.gz -C /opt/ wget -c http://download.ubuntu.org.cn/software/lumaqq_2005_patch_2006.02.02.15.00.zip sudo unzip -o lumaqq_2005_patch_2006.02.02.15.00.zip -d /opt/LumaQQ/lib sudo chown -R root:root /opt/LumaQQ/ sudo chmod -R 755 /opt/LumaQQ/ sudo gedit /usr/share/applications/LumaQQ.desktop2.在新增的文件内加入下面这几行
[Desktop Entry] Name=LumaQQ Comment=QQ Client Exec=/opt/LumaQQ/lumaqq Icon=/opt/LumaQQ/QQ.png Terminal=false Type=Application Categories=Application;Network;
3.保存编辑过的文件 安装完成后的快捷方式在(应用程序 -> Internat -> LumaQQ)。
仅适合x86,for ppc见另外文件
sudo apt-get install beep-media-player totem-xine w32codecs libxine-extracodecs
sudo apt-get install w32codecs libxine-extracodecs
在实际使用中,将所有的声音输出改为 esd 输出,如果不知如何修改,也可以参考如何混音
sudo apt-get install stardict stardict-common stardict-cdict-gb stardict-cedict-gb stardict-hanzim stardict-langdao-ce-gb stardict-langdao-ec-gb stardict-oxford-gb stardict-xdict-ce-gb stardict-xdict-ec-gb
安装完成后的快捷方式在(应用程序 -> 附件 -> 星际译王)
sudo apt-get install ktranslator
安装完成后的快捷方式在(应用程序 -> 附件 -> Ktranslator)
sudo apt-get install flashplugin-nonfree
安装完成后FireFox就可以支持Flash了
sudo apt-get install Azureus
安装完成后的快捷方式在(应用程序 -> Internet -> azureus)
sudo apt-get install Ktorrent
安装完成后的快捷方式在(应用程序 -> Internet -> Ktorrent)
sudo apt-get install linux-686如果是AMD芯片,则使用:
sudo apt-get install linux-k7
网上邻居的中文目录的显示乱码的处理方法 xmms 等 gtk1 界面中文乱码问题
安装多媒体播放器mplayer
英文快速设置指南: http://ubuntuguide.org/wiki/Dapper
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本文来源:ubuntu.com.cn 作者:佚名